causing

词形变化：

形容词: causable | 名词: causer | 动词过去式: caused | 动词过去分词: caused | 动词现在分词: causing | 动词第三人称单数: causes |

同义词：

reason | basis | root | foundation | origin | source | affect | begin | bring about | initiate | instigate | produce | set off | motive | trigger | trigger off | interest | make | grounds | induce | have | campaign | crusade | occasion | render | generate | effectuate | seed | sake | provocation | inspire | father | engender | parent | create | actualize | inflict | signal | impel | issue | factor | effect | mother | difference | camp | antecedent | determinant | get | effort | do | case | drive | causa | lawsuit | movement | stimulate | suit | causal agent | excuse |

反义词：

outcome | consequence | effect | result |